Assessment of the Wearability of Facemasks against Air Pollution in Primary School-Aged Children in London

Air pollution is a major health problem and children are particularly vulnerable to the
adverse effects. Facemasks are one form of protection but, to be effective, they need to filter out airborne
pollutants, fit the face well and be wearable. In this pilot study, we assess the perceived wearability of
three facemasks (Vogmask, TuHao and ReSpimask) marketed in the UK as being designed to protect
children against exposure to air pollution. Twenty-four primary school children wore each facemask
during a standardised walking and running activity. After each activity, the children were asked to
rate facemask wearability in terms of parameters, such as perceived comfort, hotness, breathability
and fit. At the end of the trial, the children compared and identified their preferred facemask.
The main complaint about the facemasks was the children’s faces being too hot. The ReSpimask
was most frequently reported as being perceived to be the hardest to breathe through. The TuHao
facemask was the only adjustable strap mask assessed but was reported to be difficult to adjust.
Facemasks with a nose clip were frequently rated highest for fit (TuHao and Vogmask). The patterned,
cloth fabric Vogmask had significantly higher ratings for appearance and perceived fit. The results
show children’s perceptions of facemasks are highly affected by the facemask’s design, hotness and
perceived breathability. By making children’s facemasks more appealing, breathable, cooler and
improving their fit, wearability may be improved.